Loom for weaving terry fabrics of different heights



Dec. 10, 1929. H. L. BLANCHARD 1,739,205

LOOM FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS OF DIFFERENT HEIGHTS Filed Jan. 4, 1928flmwz A 5.4 Awe/7m? lllllll ll "llll l U Patented Dec. 10, 1929 UNITEDSTATES rem" OFFICE HAROLD L. BLANCHARD, F MILLBURY, MASSACHUSETTS,ASSIGNOR TO CROMPTON & KNOWLES LOOM WORKS, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS,A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS LOOM FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS OFDIFFERENT HEIGHTS Application filed January 4, 1928.

This invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving terry fabrichaving piles of different heights and it is the general object of theinvention to provide a loom wherein portions of the warp threads and thecloth move as a unit with respect to the lay to form piles of two ormorediflerent heights.

In the weaving of terry fabrics there areseveral .difierent methodswhereby the loops are produced in the terry warp, one of these being toprovide a lay moving through a fixed range of movement and having a reedwhich is movable to. a plurality of positions relatively to the lay, thereed being in rearmost position when the lay is in its forward positionfor two or more beats of the loom and the reed being moved forwardly onpile forming beats of the loom to provide the characteristic terryloops. A loom of this type capable of producing terry loops of differentheights is shown in co-pending application Serial No. 239,372 filed byWakefield. Another method of producing terry loops is to move the layand reed through a fixed 25 range of action but provide means for movinga portion of the cloth and the ground warp back and forth in the loomrelatively to the range of movement of the lay, the supports for thecloth and warp being in forward posi- 3U tion for two or more picks ofthe loom and being moved rearwardly on pile forming beats of the loom. Aloom of this type is shown in patent to Hutchins No. 607,377 and it isthe principal object of my present invention to render a terry fabricloom of the latter type capable of producing piles of different heights.

It is a more particular object of my inven tion to provide movablesupports for a. p0rtion of the cloth and warp threads in connection withcontrol means for the supports whereby the latter are given a pluralityof degrees of movement relatively to the range of movement of the lay sothat piles of varying heights may be produced.

Serial No. 244,528.

It is a more particular object of my present invention to provide aregularly moving actuator and to interpose between the same and theaforesaid supports a variable coupling which is moved by a controldevice so that different de rees of motion of the actuating lever may beimparted to the supports.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, my invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein one form of my invention is shown,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a loom made according to my presentinvention,

Fig. 2 is a detail horizontal section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1 andlooking down on the devices which vary the extent of movement of thecloth and warp supports,

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view showing an edge view of such a fabric ascan be produced from the loom shown in Fig. 1 looking in the directionin which the filling threads enter the cloth, and

Fig. 4 is a detail side elevation of certain of the operating leverstogether with the roll which operates to vary the height of pile.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1 I have provided a loom frame 10 havinga ground Warp beam 11 mounted on supports 12. Arms 13, one at each sideof the loom, afford pivotal support for a shaft 14: which extends acrossthe loom and supports a rod 15 over which the ground warp G extends.Said shaft has rigid therewith a depending arm 16 connected to aforwardly extending rod 17 attached to the upper end of a lever 18pivoted to a fixed stud 19.

The cloth C extends over a bar 20 which moves with and is supported by ashaft 21 extending across the loom and mounted in bearings 22 one ofwhich is shown on the drawings. A depending arm 23 is fast with theshaft 21 and is connected to a rearwardly extending bar 24 which isconnected as at 25 to the upper end of the aforesaid lever 18. The rod17 and bar 24 move back and forth together and rock with shafts 14 and21 in unison so that the bars 15 and 20 move forwardly together at agiven time in the terry forming cycle of the loom and move rearwardly atanother time in the cycle.

The lay 26 carries a reed 27 which may be fixed to the lay and as thetop shaft 28 rotates said reed will move back and forth in the loomthrough a fixed range of action. The terry warp beam 29 supported abovethe beam 11 supplies the terry warp T which passes under a rod 30supported in any approved manner by the loom frame. The matter thus fardescribed is of common construction and may be as set forth in theaforesaid patent to Hutchins and also to Patent No. 1,595,289 toChevrette and forms no part of my present invention.

My improvements relate to improved means for moving the bars 15 and 20back and forth varying amounts to produce piles of different heights. Incarr ing my inven tion into effect I provide a cam rotatable on a shaft41 and fast with a gear 42 which meshes with a second gear 48 secured tothe bottom shaft 44. As shown herein the relation of the gears 42 and 43is such that the cam 40 will be given a complete revolution every thirdpick of the loo-m but I do not wish to be limited to this ratio of thegears as it is possible to apply my invention to looms i wherein a rowof terry loops is formed every fourth, fifth or sixth beat of the loom.

The cam 40 is provided with a track or groove 45 having a low portion 46substantially concentric with the shaft 41 for approximately two-thirdsof the arc of the slot. Said cam has relatively high point 47 which iseffective-to form terry loops every third pick of theloom. A lever 48 ispivoted as at 49 to a fixed bracket 50 supported on the loom frame andsaid lever is provided with a roll 51 which enters the groove 45 andcauses vertical reciprocation of said lever 48, causing the latter to bedepressed for two picks of the loom and raised during the third pick.

In;constructions heretofore proposed, the lever 48 has been connected tothe lever 18 to cause back and forth movement of the latter of onedegree only for the purpose of moving that portion of the cloth and warpbetween the bars 15 and 20, relatively to the fixed range of movement ofthe lay, but I have shown. herein a means whereby varying amounts of themotion of the lever 48 may be communicated to the lever 18 to give thelatter movements of several degrees. To accomplish this result I providea lever 52 pivoted on a fixed stud 58 and having a depend-- ing arm 54to the lower end of which is pivotally connected a substaniallyhorizontally e2:-

; tending link 55. Said link has on the right hand end thereof as shownin Figs. 1 and 2 a roll 56 which lies over a portion of the lever 48.The lever 18 has rigid therewith a horizontally extending arm 57 whichrests on the roll 56.

The means for varying the position of roll 56 relatively to theactuating lever 48 includes an arm 58 extending to the left from thestud 53 and having connection with a flexible cord which is attached toa control lever 60. Said lever 60 is pivoted as at 61 to fixed structure and lies over a control chain 62 which may be a part of the usualpattern mechanism of the loom and driven by connections not show i in tmet relation with the loom. Said chain may have low links 63 and highlinks 64 one of which is shown in the drawings.

In operation the reed 27 will move back and forth each pick of the loomand the cam will make a complete revolution every third pick whenforming so-called three-pick terry. The lever 48 will receive an upmovement every third pick of the loom as previously described to liftthe roll 56 and thereby swing the lever 18 in a counter-clockwisedirection around fixed stud 19 to move the rods 15 ant 20 to the rightto produce arow of terry loops. After the lever 48 moves down thetension spring 65 will move the bars 15 and 20 to the left and will alsoforce horizontal arm 57 down against the roll 56 to hold the latteragainst the actuating lever 48.

The height of pile depends upon the location of the roll 56 relativelyto the fulcrum of the actuating lever 48 and this position is determinedby the control chain 62. When a low link is under lever 60 as shown inFig. 1 spring 66 will move the roll toward the stud 49 so that said rollwill move upwardly a minimum amount every third pick of the loom. Underthese conditions the degree of movement of the bars 15 and 20 relativelyto the range of movement of the lay and reed will be a minimum and thelowest height of pile will therefore be formed. The chain 62 will bemoved during the operation of the loom and when a higher pile is desiredone of the high links 64 will arrive under lever 60 and exert an upwardpull on cord 59 to move the roll 56 and its link 55 to the left asviewed in Fig. 1 to move said roll away from the fulcrum of theactuating lever 48. Inasmuch as the actuating lever has a fixed amountof vibration the roll 56 when moved to its remote position with respectto the fulcrum of lever 48 will receive an increased amount of motion.Under these conditions the roll 56 is nearer the pivot of lever 18 andthe latter will receive an increased motion to impart a larger movementto the bars 15 and 20 relatively to the range of movement of the lay andthe reed. In this way varying heights of pile can be formed dependingupon the position of the control lever 60. Only two sizes of links areshown on the control chain, but I do not Wish to be limited to thisnumber as it is obvious that several sizes may be used, dependent uponthe number of different heights of pile desired. F i 3 indicates afabric made by my present invention when only two sizes of chain linksare used.

It is necessary to bring the bars 15 and to the same right hand positionon each pile forming beat of the loom irrespective of the varyingpositions they may have assumed when moved to the left and in order toaccom plish this result the upper surface of the actuating lever i8 isso formed as to be parallel to the under surface 71 of the arm 57 whenthe lever 48 moves to the position which carries the fell of the clothtoward the reed or when said lever is in its highest position. By thisconstruction the fell of the cloth is moved to a plurality of differentpositions forwardly of the range of movement of the lay on non-pileforming beats of the loom but is always moved back to the same positionon pile forming beats of the loom, namely, to the reed when the lay isin its extreme forward position on a pile forming beat.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided a simple meansfor varying the degrees of movement of the supporting bars 15 and 20 sothat those portions of the fabric and warp which are moved as a wholecan be moved varying amounts to produce piles of different heights. Ihave shown herein only such portions of the loom as are necessary toforming pile and have omitted reference to structure which might beemployed for plain weaving such as might occur in cross borders. Thepreviously mentioned patent to Chevrette shows a means for holding thesupports for the warp and cloth permanently in such a position as willpermit the proper weaving of a plain heading and such a means might ifdesired be used in connection with my present invention. It will furtherbe seen that the arrangement of the actuating lever 48 and the arm 57 atthe time of pile formation is such that the cloth will always be movedtoward the reed a correct amount irrespective of the position of theroll 56.

Having thus described my invention it will be seen that changes andmodifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention and I do not wishto be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what I claim is:

1. In a terry fabric loom having a lay and reed moving through a fixedrange of movement, supporting bars for a portion of the cloth and thewrap threads, a pattern mechanism and means under control of the patternmechanism to give said supporting bars movements of varying degrees withre spect to the range of movement of the lay and the reed-on pileforming beats of the loom to form terry piles of different heights, theheights of pile being determined by the pattern mechanism.

2. In a terry ia-bric loom having a lay and reed moving through a fixedrange of movement, supporting bars for a portion of the cloth and thewarp threads, means to cause said bars to move in unison in the samedirections toward and from the range of movement of the reed and lay, apattern mechanism and means under control of the pattern mechanism tovary the extent of movement of said bars relatively to the range ofmovement of the reed and lay to produce terry piles of difierentheights, the heights of pile being determined by the pattern mechanism.3. In a terry fabric loom having a lay and reed moving through a fixedrange of movement, supporting bars for a portion of the cloth and theWarp threads, a regularly moving actuating member having a fixed rangeof movement, a pattern mechanism and means unt er control of the patternmechanism and interposed between said actuator and the supporting barsto give the latter varying degrees of movement on different pile formingbeats of the loom relatively to the range of movement of the reed andthe lay to form terry pile loops of different heights, the heights ofpile being determined by the pattern mechanism.

4. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, predetermined control means having a progressive movement to givesaid device varying degrees of movement relatively to the range ofaction of the reed on different pile forming beats of the loom to formpiles of different heights, the heights of pile being dependent upon thecontrol means.

In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, an automatic control mechanism operating in timed relation withthe loom, and means operatively connected to the control mechanism togive said device varying degrees of movement relatively to the fixedrange of movement of the reed on different pile forming beats of theloom to form piles of different heights, the heightof the pile beingdetermined by the control mechanism.

6. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, a regularly moving actuating member,

an automatic control mechanism, and means moved by the actuating memberand under control of the mechanism to give said device a plurality ofdegrees of movement relatively to the range of action of the reed toform terry piles of difierent heights, the height of the pile beingdetermined by the contrbl mechanism.

7. In a terry fabric loom having areed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, an actuating lever receiving an actuating movement once in eachterry forming cycle of the loom, a pattern mechanism, and means undercontrol of the pattern mechanism to be operatively related to theactuator to have imparted thereto different degrees of motion by theactuator to move said device different amounts relatively to the rangeof action of the reed to produce terry pile loops of different heights,the heights of pile being determined by the pattern mechanism.

8. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand Warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, a regularly moving actuator lever -having an actuating motiononce in each terry forming cycle of the loom, and means to be connectedoperatively to the actuating lever at a plurality of different distancesof the fulcrum of said lever, said means being operatively connected tothe device to give the latter a plurality of degrees of movementrelatively to the fixed range of action of the reed.

9. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, a driving lever receiving a motion once for each terry formingcycle of the loom, a driven lever operatively connected to the device,and a variable connection between said levers to impart differentdegrees of motion from the driving lever to the driven lever ondifferent pile forming beats of the loom, said driven lever giving thedevice a plurality of different degrees of movement relatively to therange of action of the reed to produce terry piles of different heights.

10. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand Warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, control mechanism operating in timed relation with the loom adriving actuating lever receiving an actuating movement once in eachterry forming cycle of the loom, a driven lever operatively connected toand causing movement of the device, and a variable connection betweensaid levers under control of the control mechanism and movable todifferent distances from the fulcrum of the driving lever to impartdifferent degrees of motion from the actuating lever to the drivenlever, whereby the device is given a plurality of degrees of movementrelatively to the range of action of the reed to form terry piles ofdifferent heights.

11. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand Warp relatively to the range of action of the rced'to form terrypiles, a control mechanism operated in timed relation with the loom, adriving actuating lever receiving an actuating movement once for eachterry forming cycle of the loom, a driven lever operatively connected tothe device, movable mean establishing a driving connection between thelevers, said movable means being under control of the mechanism andcapable of assuming a plurality of positions at different distances fromthe fulcrum of the actuating lever whereby to impart different degreesof movement to the driven lever to cause the device to have a pluralityof degrees of movement relatively to the range of movement of the reedto form terry pile loops of different heights.

12. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, a control mechanism operated in timed relation with the loom, adriving actuating lever receiving an actuating movement once for eachterry forming cycle of the loom, a driven lever operatively connected tothe device, movable means establishing a driving connection between thelevers, said movable means being under control of the mechanism andcapable of assuming a plurality of positions at difierent distances fromthe fulcrum of the actuating lever whereby to impart different degreesof movement to the driven lever to cause the device to have a pluralityof degrees of movement relatively to the range of movement of the reedto form terry pile loops of different heights, the portions of thelevers which are in contact with said device on a pile forming beat ofthe loom being substantially parallel on pile forming beats of the loom.

13. In a terry fabric loom having a reed moving through a fixed range ofaction and having a device to periodically move a portion of the clothand warp relatively to the range of action of the reed to form terrypiles, a driving lever receiving a terry forming motion each terryforming cycle of the loom, a driven lever operatively connected to thedevice, spaced pivots for said levers, and a variable connection betweensaid levers HAROLD L. BLANGHARD.

